Author: Piping Admin
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Explanation of a welding symbol
Here is an explanation of a welding symbols as per AWS A2.4, a welding standard by American Welding Society.
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Mineral Wool Insulation
For equipment and piping which is to be operated intermittently or continuously at temperatures up to 500°C, the insulation may be mineral wool with temperature rating of 500°C.
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Foam Glass Insulation
For equipment and piping which is to be operated intermittently or continuously at temperatures up to 260°C, primary insulation may be foam glass complying with ASTM C552 and with density of at least 88kg/m3 and a temperature rating of 315°C.
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Calcium Silicate Insulation
Calcium Silicate Insulation is used for equipment operated intermittently or continuously above 100°C or for acoustic insulation applications. Calcium silicate insulation which contain asbestos filler shall not be acceptable as it causes fibrotic lung disease called asbestosis.
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Rigid Urethane Foam Insulation
Rigid Urethane Foam is used for equipment and piping which is to be operated intermittently or continuously at temperatures not exceeding 100°C.
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Tank Implosion due to Steam Condensation
This tank imploded due to condensation of steam used during steam cleaning. Condensation creates large vacuum inside tank. External pressure of atmosphere of 14.7 PSI crushed this tank in a fraction of a second.
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List of NFPA Standards
Chemical and petrochemical industry handles corrosive and explosive chemicals. There is inherent danger of fire in these plants. It is essential to ensure all required safety measures are implemented in these plants.
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Applicable Standards for Piping Insulation
It is critical to ensure quality of Insulation of piping and equipments in a process plant. Various international codes and standards shall be used to ascertain trouble free operation